Educational only — not legal advice
Know your rights
U.S. federal and state laws protect patients from unaffordable hospital bills. Here's what they mean, in plain English.
The basics
What is charity care?
Charity care is free or discounted hospital care for patients who can't afford to pay.
Nonprofit hospital obligations under ACA Section 501(r)
Federal law requires nonprofit hospitals to have a written financial assistance policy.
Documents hospitals may ask for
Most charity care applications need proof of income and identity.
What to do if you're denied
You have the right to appeal and to request a written explanation.
State protections
10 states have especially strong patient protections beyond federal law.
Information is for general education. Confirm specifics with the hospital, your state attorney general, or a billing advocate.